A sprayer is an industrial equipment that can spray paint, pigment, varnish and other substances onto the surface of an object.
In the construction industry, sprayers are often used for indoor and outdoor painting work, such as painting walls, ceilings and floors. In the automotive industry, sprayers are widely used to paint car bodies and parts. In the aerospace field, sprayers are used to spray aircraft, spacecraft and related equipment.
There are many types of sprayers. Choosing a suitable sprayer can improve work efficiency, reduce costs and ensure coating quality. This article will focus on the types, advantages, selection details and usage methods of sprayers.
1. Types of sprayers
According to the type of paint, sprayers can be divided into three types: low-pressure sprayers, high-pressure sprayers and airless sprayers.
- Low-pressure sprayers
Low-pressure sprayers are easy to operate and suitable for indoor spraying. It sprays the paint from the spray gun through low-pressure gas, which can accurately control the position and thickness of the paint spraying, but the efficiency is low, and multiple spraying is required to achieve the desired effect.
- High-pressure sprayer
High-pressure sprayer can spray paint to a farther distance and higher position, and is suitable for large-area spraying. It sprays the paint through high-pressure gas, with high efficiency and good coating quality.
- Airless sprayer
Airless sprayer is a new type of spraying technology. It sprays the paint through a high-speed rotating paint nozzle to form fine particles. Because the paint particles are very fine, a very smooth and uniform coating can be formed. Airless sprayer can be applied to a variety of paint types, such as paint, varnish, waterproof paint, aluminum foil paint, etc.
In addition, sprayers can also be divided into multiple types according to different usage scenarios and spraying methods. The following are some of the common types:
- Spray gun sprayer
Spray gun sprayer is one of the most common types of sprayers. During the spraying process, it sprays the spray material through the nozzle and evenly applies it to the surface of the object. Gun sprayers can be used to spray various materials, such as paint, varnish, pigment, etc.
- Paint pump sprayer
Paint pump sprayer is a sprayer used to handle large amounts of spray paint. It usually uses a paint pump to extract a large amount of paint from the container and spray it through a nozzle. Paint pump sprayers are often used in industrial production, such as in industries such as automobile manufacturing and furniture manufacturing.
- Powder sprayer
Powder sprayer is a sprayer that sprays powdered paint on the surface of an object. It uses electrostatic force to adhere the powder paint to the surface of the object and hardens it by drying. Powder sprayers are often used for surface spraying of metal products, such as auto parts, industrial machinery, doors and windows, etc.
- Air sprayer
Air sprayer is a sprayer that uses compressed air to spray paint onto the surface of an object. Air sprayers are more common and are suitable for painting details and small items.
In addition to the above types, there are some special types of sprayers, such as laser sprayers, nano sprayers, etc., whose spraying principles and application scenarios are different.
2. Advantages of sprayers
The paint film of the sprayer is of good quality, high adhesion, and can reach corners and gaps, which can greatly improve the efficiency and quality of coating.
- Good paint film quality, smooth and delicate coating, no brush marks
The sprayer sprays the paint into fine particles under pressure, so that it is evenly distributed on the surface of the wall, so that the latex paint forms a smooth, smooth and dense coating on the wall, without brush marks or rolling marks, which is incomparable to the original methods such as brushing and rolling.
- Good adhesion and long coating life
The sprayer uses high-pressure spraying to give the atomized paint particles strong kinetic energy; the paint particles use this kinetic energy to shoot into the pores, making the paint film denser, thereby enhancing the mechanical bite force between the paint film and the wall, improving the coating adhesion, and effectively extending the coating life.
- High coating efficiency
The sprayer can quickly coat a large area and improve production efficiency. Compared with traditional coating methods such as manual brushing and roller coating, spraying machines can greatly shorten the coating time.
- Uniform paint film thickness and high paint utilization rate
The thickness of manual brush rollers is extremely uneven, generally 30-250 microns, and the paint utilization rate is low. Airless spraying can easily obtain a coating with a thickness of 30 microns.
- Easy to reach corners and gaps
Due to the use of high-pressure airless spraying, the paint spray does not contain air, and the paint can easily reach corners, gaps and uneven and difficult-to-brush parts, especially for office ceilings with many air-conditioning and fire-fighting pipes, which are more suitable for roller brushes.
- Reduced coating costs
The sprayer can accurately control the coating thickness to avoid wasting paint. In addition, since the thickness of the sprayer is uniform, the number of touch-ups can be reduced, reducing the coating cost.
3. How to choose a sprayer?
When choosing a sprayer, a series of factors need to be considered, including coating area, coating materials, work efficiency, cost, etc. Here are some common factors to consider when choosing a sprayer:
- Coating area
The coating area is one of the key factors in choosing a sprayer. Different models of sprayers are suitable for different coating areas. Therefore, before choosing a sprayer, you need to accurately estimate the required coating area to select the appropriate model. If a large area of coating is required, you can choose a high-pressure sprayer or an air sprayer, while if the coating area is small, you can choose a low-pressure sprayer or an airless sprayer.
- Coating materials
Different coating materials require different types of sprayers. For example, coating water-based paint requires the selection of different sprayer models for effective coating. At the same time, the consistency of the paint also needs to be considered, because paints with high viscosity require the selection of high-power sprayers to ensure uniform spraying of the paint.
- Equipment performance
For powder spraying equipment, the main factors are powder coating rate, powder coating capacity, and processing capacity for complex workpieces. This indicator is difficult for friends who are new to it to understand. You must carefully understand it and carefully compare the powder coating capacity of high-voltage built-in electrostatic spray machines, which is much higher than that of high-voltage external products. In addition, the performance of similar products from different manufacturers often has a large gap. The performance of the spray gun cannot be understood only by asking about relevant parameters such as electrostatic voltage and charging current. These parameters cannot be verified by users and are often false.Therefore, it must be judged through obvious special workpiece spraying tests.
- Work efficiency
Work efficiency is also one of the factors to be considered when choosing a sprayer. An efficient sprayer can help you complete the painting task quickly, thereby improving work efficiency. Generally speaking, high-pressure sprayers have higher work efficiency, but factors such as energy costs and maintenance costs also need to be considered.
- Cost
Cost is a factor that cannot be ignored when choosing a sprayer. The price of a sprayer depends not only on the model, but also on the brand and function. Therefore, when choosing a sprayer, you need to compare the prices of multiple brands and models to determine the sprayer that suits you best.
4. How to use the sprayer
The following steps are general guidelines for using the sprayer. The specific sprayer usage and requirements will vary depending on the sprayer model, spraying material and requirements.
- Preparation:
Before spraying, the surface must be prepared to ensure it is clean and smooth. Remove impurities, oil stains and old coatings, etc. If necessary, perform necessary repairs and sanding.
- Configure spraying materials:
According to the characteristics and requirements of the spraying materials, correctly configure and dilute the spraying materials. Follow the ratio guidelines and recommendations provided by the material supplier.
- Adjust spraying parameters:
According to factors such as the viscosity of the paint, area and the required coating thickness, adjust the parameters of the sprayer such as nozzle, air pressure and spray pattern. Perform necessary tests and adjustments to ensure the spraying effect and coating quality.
- Spraying skills:
Maintain a consistent distance and speed through a uniform arm and spray trajectory. Use a steady hand gesture to avoid cross-coverage and excessive overlap to prevent dripping and uneven coating.
- Spraying angle and direction:
Always spray perpendicular to the surface and maintain a consistent spraying angle. Use horizontal, vertical or oblique spraying methods as needed to ensure uniform coverage and good adhesion of the coating.
- Control the spraying speed:
Do not spray too fast or too slow, maintain the appropriate speed and spraying time. Avoid staying in the same area for too long to prevent excessive thickness or accumulation of the coating.
- Maintenance and cleaning:
Clean the sprayer and accessories immediately after spraying. Follow the cleaning and maintenance guidelines in the operating instructions. Ensure that the storage and handling of the coating agent meet safety and environmental requirements.
5. Maintenance methods of sprayers
It is necessary to regularly check the nozzles, air pressure regulators and filters of the sprayer, and perform necessary maintenance and replacement. This will help extend the service life of the sprayer and maintain the quality of spraying.
- Maintenance of the spray line spray room.If the air supply system of the spray cabinet is blocked or there is too much dust, the air filter cotton needs to be replaced. The oil filter system behind the spray cabinet needs to be opened for about three days to clean. At the same time, it is also necessary to clean the oil and dirt of the conveyor network chain from time to time and add butter.
- Maintenance of the oil supply system.When the sprayer is shut down after use, open the paint return valve to allow all the paint to flow back to the ink tank, take out the ink tank and pour the cleaning solvent into the mixing barrel and start the oil pump. Open the return valve and the spray gun to the maximum to allow the cleaning solvent to circulate in the oil pipe and clean the spray gun and oil pump. The pump and spray gun are extremely precise, so do not disassemble them at will during cleaning to avoid damage.
- After one week or 50 hours of operation, check whether the pump body, cylinder barrel, and leather cup of the mortar joint machine are sealed, the tightness of the belt at the transmission, the firmness and sealing of the pipe joints, clean the surface of the pump machine, and apply thin engine oil to prevent dirt from sticking.
- The clutch, reflux unloading valve, reducer, air compressor and other major components should be checked regularly according to their use requirements. If there is wear and damage, they should be adjusted and replaced in time.
- Before refueling the mortar mixer and mortar joint machine, the dirt on the oil filling and oil holes should be wiped clean.
