In the production process of wood furniture will use all kinds of mechanical equipment, which is directly in contact with the wood and play a cutting or router role is a variety of mechanical tools, as the saying goes that sharpening the knives will doesn’t waste the worker’s time , in order to make good use of all kinds of machinery, we must understand the tools used in processing firstly.
Sawing is an important process in the production of furniture, whether it is plate or solid wood furniture, the first step must be cutting the wood, which is inseparable from a variety of cutting equipment and saw blades, the choice and use of saw blades have an important impact on the subsequent processing, so the understanding of saw blades and its usage and maintenance methods is also very important.
Materials
Different cutting materials will use different material saw blades. The saw blades usually have high speed steel saw blades (HSS saw blades), carbide saw blades, insert alloy saw blades, diamond saw blades, etc. Woodworking usually choose cemented carbide saw blades, which are the most commonly used for wood product processing, and the quality of cemented carbide saw blades is closely related to the quality of processed products.
The types of carbide are tungsten cobalt (code YG), tungsten titanium (code YT). Due to the good impact resistance of tungsten cobalt carbide, it is more widely used in the wood processing industry. The commonly used model in wood processing is YG8-YG15, the number behind YG indicates the percentage of cobalt content, the increase of cobalt content, the impact toughness and bending strength of the alloy have been improved, but the hardness and wear resistance have been reduced, so the selection should be according to the actual situation.
Tooth shapes
Woodworking saw blades have a variety of different tooth shapes, commonly used tooth shapes are left and right teeth, flat teeth, ladder teeth, inverted trapezoid teeth, dovetail teeth, and rarely seen industrial grade three left and right, left and right flat teeth.
Among them, the left and right teeth are the most widely used, its cutting speed is faster, and the grinding is relatively simple. Which are suitable for cutting and cross-sawing all kinds of soft, hard wood profiles and density board, multi-layer board, particle board, etc. The left and right tooth saw blade with negative front angle is usually used for sawing panel because of its sharp serration and good cutting quality.
Ladder flat teeth are a combination of trapezoid teeth and flat teeth, grinding is more complex, sawing can reduce the crack phenomenon of veneer, suitable for all kinds of single and double veneer wood-based board, fire board sawing.
The reverse ladder teeth are often used in the bottom slot saw blade of the cutting board saw. When sawing the wood-based board with double veneer, the groove saw adjusts the thickness to complete the grooving process of the bottom surface, and then the main saw completes the sawing process of the board to prevent the saw edge from collapsing.
Flat tooth saw edge is rough, cutting speed is slow, and the grinding is the simplest. It is mainly used in sawing common wood at lowest cost, or for slotting saw blades to keep the groove bottom flat.
Thickness
The thickness of the saw blade is theoretically thinner the better, because sawing is a consumption. Alloy saw blade matrix material and manufacturing process determines the thickness of the saw blade, if the thickness is too thin, the saw blade is easy to shake when working, which will affect the cutting effect. When choosing the thickness of the saw blade, the stability of the saw blade and the sawing material should be considered. The thickness required for some special purpose materials is also specific, and should be selected according to the equipment requirements, such as slotted saw blades, scoring saw blades, etc.
Diameter
The diameter of the saw blade is related to the sawing equipment used and the thickness of the sawing workpiece. Saw blade diameter is small, cutting speed is relatively low; the large diameter of the saw blade requires high requirements for the saw blade and sawing equipment, and the sawing efficiency is also high. The outer diameter of the saw blade will choose the relative diameter saw blades according to different circular saw machine models.
Standard Diameters: 110MM(4 inches), 150MM(6 inches), 180MM(7 inches), 200MM(8 inches), 230MM(9 inches), 250MM(10 inches), 300MM(12 inches), 350MM(14 inches), 400MM(16 inches), 450MM(18 inches), 500MM(20 inches), etc., The bottom slot saw blade of precision cutting board saw is mostly designed to be 120MM.
Number of teeth
Generally speaking, the more teeth of the saw blade, the more cutting edges per unit time, the better cutting performance, but the number of cutting teeth requires more cemented carbide, the price of the saw blade is high. But if the teeth are too dense, the chip volume between the teeth will become small, it will be easy to cause the saw blade heat. In addition, if there are too many teeth, when the feed amount is not matched properly, the cutting amount of each tooth is very small, which will aggravate the friction between the cutting edge and the workpiece, affecting the service life of the blade. Usually the tooth spacing is 15-25mm, and a reasonable number of teeth should be selected according to the sawing material.
