The main characteristics of oil-immersed transformers include their reasonable structure, excellent performance, diverse cooling methods, wide application, and environmental protection and safety considerations.
1. Reasonable structure and excellent performance: The three-dimensional coil core design of the oil-immersed transformer makes its magnetic circuit free of air gaps, the magnetic circuit length is consistent and the shortest, and the cross-sectional area of the core column is closer to a circle, thereby improving performance and reducing losses and noise. This design also reduces the third harmonic component, making the transformer more suitable for urban and rural, industrial and mining enterprise power grid transformation, as well as combined transformers and prefabricated substations.
2. Diversity of cooling methods: Oil-immersed transformers rely on oil as a cooling medium, and can adopt a variety of cooling methods such as oil-immersed self-cooling, oil-immersed air cooling, oil-immersed water cooling, and forced oil circulation. This design enables the transformer to effectively dissipate heat under different environmental conditions to ensure the stable operation of the equipment.
3. Wide application: Due to the reasonable structure and excellent performance of oil-immersed transformers, they are widely used in power supply and distribution systems of industrial and mining enterprises and civil buildings. It can reduce the voltage of the high-voltage power grid to the low voltage required by users, suitable for AC 50/60Hz, and the maximum rated capacity of three-phase can reach 2500KVA. There are also higher voltage levels that must use oil-immersed transformers, such as 66kv 69kv 110kv 132kv 220kv 550kv, etc.
4. Environmental protection and safety considerations: Although transformer oil has the possibility of combustion, most power transformers still use transformer oil due to its abundant natural storage, low price and good insulation performance. In order to reduce environmental disadvantages, modern oil-immersed transformers have taken a variety of measures to improve their safety and environmental performance during the design and manufacturing process, such as using vacuum drying to reduce moisture and using corrugated oil tanks to prevent oxygen and water from entering, thereby maintaining insulation performance.
According to the characteristics of oil-immersed transformers, they have a wide range of applications in power systems, and their main application areas include the following aspects:
1. Power transmission and distribution
Grid transmission and distribution stations: Oil-immersed transformers are usually used in grid transmission and distribution stations to convert high voltage (high voltage side) into lower voltage (low voltage side) to supply users, which helps to reduce current loss, improve grid efficiency, and allow electricity to be transmitted between different voltage levels. Power plant and grid connection: The power plant generates electricity through generators, which needs to be boosted by oil-immersed transformers in order to effectively transmit the electricity to the grid. This is critical for achieving long-distance transmission of electricity, and also ensures voltage stability during the transmission of electricity.
2. Industrial use
Industrial equipment power supply: The industrial field usually requires the use of electricity at different voltage levels to meet the needs of different equipment. Oil-immersed transformers can provide stable and reliable voltage conversion to ensure that industrial equipment can operate normally. Many industrial facilities and enterprises use oil-immersed transformers to supply the electricity required for their internal equipment and machines.
Special environment applications: The tank of the oil-immersed transformer is filled with insulating oil, which enables it to work in polluted or humid environments. Therefore, in some special environmental conditions, such as chemical plants and mines, oil-immersed transformers are widely used.
3. Urban power distribution
Urban power distribution network: The urban power distribution system usually operates with a specific voltage (such as 35KV) as the reference voltage. Oil-immersed transformers play a key role in the urban power distribution network. They convert high-voltage electricity into low-voltage electricity suitable for residential, commercial and office areas.
4. Other applications
Railway traction system: Railway traction system usually requires a large amount of power supply to drive the train. Oil-immersed transformers are used to convert the high voltage supplied by the power grid into the appropriate voltage and frequency required by the train traction system.
Specific model application: Different models of oil-immersed transformers are also suitable for different specific scenarios, such as the S9 series is suitable for distribution transformers in large dusty places such as petroleum, metallurgy, chemical industry, textile, light industry, etc.; the SZ9 series is suitable for small and medium-sized substations, industrial and mining enterprises and institutions. Distribution and lighting load transformers; the S11 series has the characteristics of high efficiency and low loss, and is a high-tech product promoted by the state. Oil-immersed transformers are indispensable in the design of high voltage levels.
Oil-immersed transformers are widely used in power transmission and distribution, industrial use, urban power distribution and many other fields. Their high reliability, high efficiency and durability make them an indispensable and important equipment in the power system.
